The Problems with Westphalian Nation-State System

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We all associate ourselves with various identities such as Indians, Chinese, Pakistani, Americans, Canadians, French, British and much more. Why do you think we all associate with all these more? Are there any other identities which people associate with?  The identities which I mentioned before are relatively new compared to other identities such as religion, language, caste, and various other identities. It is not to say that people never had such feelings towards nations or the state. But the idea of loyalty and love for the motherland was very important which offset various other identities. The question we are arriving at is what is the motherland, who made and how it formed.  What we refer to today as a Nation or Country refers to what we know in political science as a Nation-State. Today almost all the countries we know are categorised Nation-States and some even as State-Nations. International Relations and Political Science suggest that states are the most important a...

News Capsule for the Month of August 2024

Following are the top news for the month.  If you wish to follow and get notifications of future articles, you can sign up using the email on the left sidebar. 

Article of the month

Kerala 

  • Congress party says it will build 100 houses for people affected by landslides
  • NSS volunteers to help in 150 families. 
  • CM and Wife to donate their salaries aftermath of the landslide. 
  • Saturdays to be working for colleges as many unexpected holidays came. 
  • Both ruling and opposition MLAs pledge their salaries.
  • UP government donates 10 cr for the state. 
  • Karkidaka Vavu: Kerala offers prayers for the departed. 
  • Documentation for affected families started. 
  • Burial of 31 unidentified victims, 158 body parts took place in Puthumala. 
  • Mullaperiyar becomes the new buzz amidst Wayanad Landslide.
  • PETA flags illegal animal trade in Kochi such as illegal cats. 
  • Kerala govt cancels state level Onam celebrations due to Wayanad landslides. 
  • KSRTC to deploy buses from Bangalore and Chennai for Onam rush. 
  • Queenue Halegia, Mattanchery's last Jewish woman passed away. 
  • Onam Chanda is to begin in the first week of September. 
  • Thrissur native killed in Russia-Ukraine shelling. 
  • Hema Commission Report released amidst pressure from Civil Society. 
  • It was released hours after Kerala High Court rejected a plea to halt its release. 
  • A powerful male lobby controls Malayalam cinema, ICC not viable solution: Hema Commission. 
  • IRCTC arranges Thailand-Kochi tour package. 
  • KC Venugopal becomes the chairman of Congress PAC. 
  • Salary challenge for government employees to be made optional.
  • UP government provides Rs 10 crore for Wayanad. 
  • Actor Mohanlal resigns from AMMA execom.
  • A series of actors were accused of sexual harassment after the Hema Committee Report was out. 
  • Police launch probe against Union Min Suresh Gopi for pushing journalist. 
  • Suresh Gopi lashed out and pushed reporters when asked about sexual misconduct allegations against Mukesh. 
  • Kochi police initiated steps to hand over the case against director Ranjith to SIT. 
  • T P Ramakrishnan takes charge as interim LDF convener.

India 
  • SC turns down SIT Probe in Electoral Bonds case.
  • Brahmins are angry after the Yogi govt. demolished old statues. 
  • Uddhav accuses BJP of indulging in 'power jihad'; hits out at Amit Shah. 
  • Delhi Dy CM Manish Sisodia left on bail. SC granted bail to Manish Sisodia in CBI and ED cases. 
  • Late-night downpour causes widespread road flooding, and traffic chaos across the city of Bangalore. 
  • Former Bengal CM Buddhabed Bhattacharjee died of a heart attack. 
  • Govt released the controversial Waqf Amendment Act which was sent to the Joint Parliamentary Committee after protests. 
  • RSS-linked group protests outside Bangladesh High Commission after Hindu homes were attacked in the country. 
  • Karnataka and AP are on high alert as the Tungabhadra dam gate is washed away. 
  • Maldives sees a policy shift towards India. 
  • India celebrated its 78th Independence Day. 
  • PM Modi became the third PM who gave 11 Independence Day Speeches. 
  • The shocking Rape and Murder of a PG student in RG Medical College, Kolkata raised massive protest and outrage across the country. 
  • Assam CM calls for Fertiliser Jihad from USTM. 
  • DK Sivakumar talks about more funding for Bangalore city. 
  • J&K to vote in 3 Phases, the first Assembly Polls since Article 370 was scrapped. 
  • Haryana is to vote in October as well. 
  • BJP wants to postpone the polls in Haryana.
  • Karnataka CM to face charges in Mysore land grab case. 
  • Protests break across Bengal over the RG College case against CM Mamata Banerjee. 
  • CM Mamata Banerjee held a massive pro-women rally amidst calls on her to resign. 
  • PM Narendra Modi celebrated Raksha Bandhan with School Students in Delhi. 
  • PM Modi conducted his visit to Ukraine and Poland. 
  • His hugging of Volodymyr Zelensky went Viral.
  • Indian Defence Minister Rajnath Singh 
  • The government issued a notice for the creation of two new districts in Ladakh. 
  • Quotas in Government appointments as UPSC called for lateral entry. 
  • Finally, the government had to make way. 
  • SC sets aside Calcutta High Court order asking girls to control sexual urges. 
  • India extends support to Malaysia's ASEAN 2025 Chairmanship. 
  • AP CM calls for the establishment of seven new airports in the state. 
  • Federation of All India Medical Association calls off strike after elaborate protests. 
  • Massive Gujarat flood toll rises to 28, with over 40,000 displaced. 
  • PM Narendra Modi Apologises to Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Over Maratha Warrior King's Statue Collapse in Sindhudurg. 
  • India says Modi, and Biden discussed the Bangladesh situation during a phone call. 
  • Haryana voting day was postponed by five days. 
World/International

  • Vice President Kamala Harris is officially the Democratic presidential candidate after the DNC completed a virtual roll call.
  • Podcaster Joe Rogan endorsed RFK Jr for President and faced massive protests from Trump for that. 
  • 32 killed in fresh clashes in Bangladesh; Indian Embassy asks its nationals to 'stay alert'. 
  • Far Right carries out massive riots in the UK due to misinformation. 
  • Vice President Kamala Harris met prospective VP candidates before choosing Tim Walz. 
  • Bangladeshi PM Sheikh Hasina and sister Sheikh Rehana leave for a safer place. She just resigned and reached India for Assysui her position as protesters stormed her residence. 
  • The US and Russia conducted its largest post-Cold War prison Swap. 
  • Sheikh Hasina's Son Blames Pakistan ISI Behind Bangladesh Turmoil, Hints Her Return For Elections. 
  • Air India cancels all flights to Dhaka amid escalating situation in Bangladesh.
  • Trump congratulated Putin on a Prisonerswap. 
  • Kamala Harris names Minnesota Gov. Tim Walz as her VP pick.
  • Protesters vandalised the statue of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. 
  • Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus was chosen to lead an interim government in Bangladesh. 
  • The crisis was followed by massive attacks on party leaders of the Awami League and minorities. 
  • Attacks on Hindu Homes and Temples angered Indians and the government. 
  • Trump's lead in the Generic poll with Harris has shrunk since her nomination. Now she leads over Trump in six out of seven swing states. 
  • Ukraine made a surprising incursion into the Kursk region. 
  • Iconic Statue Of Pakistan Army's 1971 Surrender Vandalised In Bangladesh.
  • Pakistan celebrated its 78th Independence Day. 
  • Conspiracy theory floats that the US wanted Shiekh Hasina out because she didn't allow the US plan to militarise St. Martin Island. 
  • Nikki Haley has criticised Trump that he should talk about policy than whining. 
  • Ukraine captured the historic town of Sudzha. 
  • Trump’s plane makes unscheduled landing en route to Montana rally over ‘mechanical issues’. 
  • PM Modi to travel on luxurious Train Force One to Ukrainian capital Kyiv. 
  • Nicolas Maduro claims victory in a controversial election in Venezuela. 
  • Biden says he supports the new election in Venezuela. 
  • Tim Walz and JD Vance accepted CBS News' invitations to debate on October 1st.
  • Air India Crew Attacked Inside Her Hotel Room In London While Sleeping, Intruder 'Dragged Her On Floor'. 
  • 123 countries joined the Voice of Global South summit in India. China and Pakistan remain not invited. 
  • Pakistan to host SCO meeting in Islamabad and has invited Indian PM Modi as well. 
  • Ukraine controls 92 settlements in Russia's Kursk region. 
  • RFK Jr withdraws from the US Presidential Race and endorses Trump to stop a Harris victory.
  • RFK Jr to stay on the Ballot in most of the states and decides to withdraw from the ballot only from swing states. 
  • Bus crash in Iran kills 28 Pakistani pilgrims en route to Iraq, 23 injured. 
  • Democratic National Convention was held in Chicago to nominate the presidential candidate. 
  • President Joe Biden gave his farewell address. 
  • Other speakers included Barack Obama, Michele Obama, Bill Clinton, Hilary Clinton, Hakeem Jeffries, J B Pritzker, Andy Brasher, Josh Shapiro, Gavin Newsom, Nancy Pelosi and Democrats nationwide. 
  • It also saw Republicans John Gills and Adam Kissinger speak along with stars like Oprah Whiny. 
  • Trump says he would not enforce the Comstock Act, angering anti-abortion groups.
  • The biggest diamond factory was discovered in Botswana. 
  • After Canada, Australia sets Caps on Foreign Students, Policy Set to Limit Student Enrolment from 2025.
  • Trump agrees to a debate with Harris conducted by ABC News on 10th September. 
  • Vietnam and Japan conducted joint drills aimed at China. 
  • Kamala Harris-Tim Walz holds a joint interview with CNN in the first. 
Israel-Palestine
  • Israel says it killed the Hamas military leader last month. 
  • Indians issued a warning against rising threats in the region. 
  • More than half a million people flee Israel amidst escalation. 
  • New Iranian President Fights IRGC to Avoid War with Israel, Suggests Striking 'Secret Bases'. 
  • Iran preparing attack on Israel: U.S. officials. 
  • Two newborns and a mother were killed in Israeli shelling of Gaza when the Father went to take their birth certificates. 
  • Hezbollah Commander was killed by Israel.
  • In that response, Hezbollah fired more than 300 rockets. 
  • Biden Administration calls for ceasefire. Netanyahu accepted it and the ball is in Hamas' court.
Technology

  • Woman spots hidden camera in Cafe's washroom in Bengaluru, Outlets responds. 
  • Centre issues guidelines on transporting organs for the first time. 
  • UK flags X and its owner Elon Musk issued notice by the UK and EU for peddling fake news that created massive riots. 
  • EU also issued notice against Musk on his interview with Trump. 
  • Kerala Withdraws Order Restricting Scientists From Sharing Wayanad Reports.
  • Tech world protests against 14-hour work per day. 
  • Donald Trump returns back to X ahead of the live interview. 
  • Kamala Harris gains 300k followers on the Truth Social platform. 
  • Kerala's first Milk Vending Machine opened in Munnar. 
  • South Western Railway resumes services in the Bengaluru-Mangaluru sector. 
  • Early warning sirens are to be installed at 35 new locations in case of Disasters in Kerala.
  • Adani clinches the Bangladesh power deal. Congress critiqued the same. 
  • The Father of Agni Missile- Ram Narin Agarwal Passed Away. 
  • Kochi Water Metro to Mattanchery to open by October. 
  • X ordered to pay Rs 5 Crore to an employee for not responding to his email. 
  • Sabarmati Express Derails Near Kanpur After Engine Hits Object Placed On Track. 
  • Technopark sees a massive jump in export revenue. 
  • DoT Announces WTSA 2024 Event for Shaping 5G, 6G Innovation and Global Digital Inclusion. 
  • BPCL plans Rs 1.7 lakh crore for the Green energy. 
  • Shraddha Kapoor Surpasses PM Narendra Modi on Instagram, 'Stree 2' Actress Becomes Third Most-Followed Indian With 91.4 Million Fans.
  • Brand Kerala was launched by Industries Minister P Rajeev. 
  • Full Emergency Declared At Thiruvananthapuram Airport After Bomb Threat On Air India Flight.
  • FSSAI ordered the removal of A1 and A2 milk claims from products. 
  • Study finds that COVID may hit kids, and teens differently.
  • NASA picks Elon Musk's SpaceX to bring back astronauts stuck in space in fresh blow to Boeing.
  • Adani secured a deal for Mumbai Slum Revival. 
  • FSSAI withdraws advisory on the removal of claims of 'A1', and A2' types of milk, and milk products. 
  • An Indian student was deported for liking an anti-India post. 
  • Yunus asks China to relocate solar panel factories to Bangladesh. 
  • Twitter (X) experienced a brief outage on August 28, 2024.
  • Shah Rukh Khan debuts on Hurun list: SRK's net worth pegged at Rs 7,300 cr. 
  • Range Rover Falls into River in Philadelphia After Couple Accidentally Hits Gear Stick During Intimate Moment. 
  • Bengaluru's Delmia Flyover to Be Demolished for Double-Decker Flyover. 
  • BBMP completes technical evaluation for a rotary flyover in just a day. 

Business and Finance


  • Delhi court hands Medha Patkar a 5-month jail term, Rs 10 lakh fine in a defamation suit. 
  • Delhi High Court Orders TMC MP Saket Gokhale To Pay Rs 50 Lakh Damages For Defamatory Tweets Against Lakshmi Puri. 
  • India-Bangladesh border trade drops after crisis in Bangladesh. 
  • Market in numbers: Rs 18 lakh crore wiped out as Sensex, Nifty crash on rout in global stocks. 
  • Centre imposed a Rs 408 Cr penalty on Zerodha. 
  • Musk announced an interview with President Trump which went Live on X,
  • Zepto Moves its HQ to Bangalore from Mumbai. 
  • PM Modi spoke to the Indian Men's Hockey Team and congratulated them on the Olympic Bronze Medal. 
  • Hindenberg announced a revelation claiming corruption in SEBI and Adani Share Price. 
  • Chicken price in Kerala falls to Rs 100; may drop further as per interpretation. 
  • India's CPI Inflation in July Declines To 3.54%, Lowest Since August 2019; IIP Grows 4.2% in June. 
  • Kerala Bank writes off the loans of those affected by the Wayanad Landslide.  
  • FirstCry IPO released, shares make stellar market debut, list at 40% premium. 
  • Starbucks replaced its CEO with Chipotle CEO Narasimhan Chipotle. 
  • India to become 3rd largest economy by 2027 as per Gita Gopinath. 
  • IIT Delhi issued a Rs 120 cr GST notice for Research. 
  • Dow Jones hits a new record.  
  • Canada has imposed 100% tariffs on EVs. 
  • Federal Reserve to make cuts 
  • Inflation cools in this month.
  • Crude Oil price falls below $75. 
Sports 
  • Jay Shah was elected as the ICC Chairman. 
  • Punjab CM's Paris visit proposal rejected. 
  • Lando Norris won the Dutch Grand Prix in 2024.
  • Shikhar Dhawan announced Retirement from International Cricket. 
  • ICC Moves Women’s T20 World Cup 2024 to UAE Due to Bangladesh Unrest.
Olympics
Credits- Google 

  • Reetika Hooda Lost Despite Having Equal Points as Her Rival at Quarterfinals of Paris Olympics
  • India's Manu Bhaker Finishes Fourth in 25m Pistol Women's Final.
  • Novak Djokovic clinches the first Olympic Gold Medal at the Paris 2024 Olympics.
  • Neeraj Chopra wins Silver Medal. 
  • Indian Hockey team secures bronze.
  • Vinesh Phogat becomes the first Indian woman wrestler to enter the Olympic final but is disqualified due to her weight. 
  • Rules are rules, nothing can be done: World wrestling body chief on Vinesh Phogat's disqualification.
  • Vinesh Phogat was hospitalised in Paris due to dehydration. 
  • India's Neeraj Chopra secured Silver in the Javelin throw event while Arshad Nadeem secured Gold. 
  • Cuba's Mijain Lopez Nunez creates history; becomes the first-ever athlete to win five golds in the same event. 
  • No medal for Vinesh Phogat, CAS dismisses the appeal. 
  • Paris Olympics curtains down as Tom Cruise is present to take the torch to Los Angeles. 
  • Paris Paralympics began in Paris. 
  • PM Modi wished the best to the Indian contingent. 

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