The Problems with Westphalian Nation-State System

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We all associate ourselves with various identities such as Indians, Chinese, Pakistani, Americans, Canadians, French, British and much more. Why do you think we all associate with all these more? Are there any other identities which people associate with?  The identities which I mentioned before are relatively new compared to other identities such as religion, language, caste, and various other identities. It is not to say that people never had such feelings towards nations or the state. But the idea of loyalty and love for the motherland was very important which offset various other identities. The question we are arriving at is what is the motherland, who made and how it formed.  What we refer to today as a Nation or Country refers to what we know in political science as a Nation-State. Today almost all the countries we know are categorised Nation-States and some even as State-Nations. International Relations and Political Science suggest that states are the most important a...

News Capsule for the Month of January 2024

Following are the top news for the month.  If you wish to follow and get notifications of future articles, you can sign up using the email on the left sidebar. 


Article of the month

Kerala 

  • Child farmer loses 13 cows in acid posing. Got the support of civil society. 
  • BJP openly comes in support of Bishops. 
  • BJP claims attacks on Christians who joined the party in Kerala; warns of retaliation. 
  • Famous neighbourhoods across the state celebrated New Year. 
  • PM Modi arrived in Thrissur and held a massive rally and roadshow in the city. 
  • CM-Governor rivalry reaches new heights. 
  • Kochi Water Metro sailed into New Year with a record ridership of 16,000.
  • CBI is unable to find the evidence in Jesna's missing case. 
  • Kodikunnil Suresh MP expresses intent to contest in Kerala Assembly polls. 
  • Luminaries from various fields are to be part of MBIFL 2024. 
  • PM Modi arrives again to hold a roadshow in Kochi and visit two temples. 
  • He lead a 1 km Roadshow in Kochi and attends Suresh Gopi's daughter's wedding. 
  • PM Modi performs pooja and darshan at Guruvayur Temple.
  • He also inaugurated new Shipyard facilities. 
  • Kerala School Kalolsavam held in Kollam.
  • CUSAT stampede: Former principal, two teachers booked for causing death by negligence.
  • Ex-MLA O Rajagopal said no one can stop Tharoor from winning the Thiruvananthapuram Seat.
  • The government provides compensation to CUSAT victims. 
  • Kerala budget speech to be held on 5th February. 
  • IYC Chief Rahul Mankootathil was arrested and later granted bail for protesting in the capital. 
  • Rahul Mamkootathil sends legal notice to MV Govindan, seeking Rs 1 cr in damages. 
  • LDF to move Supreme Court against Governor for not signing Land Amendment Bill. 
  • S Somnath is the Manorama Newsmaker of this year.
  • Parties start writing on the walls as part of their campaign strategies.   
  • PM Modi inaugurated projects worth Rs 4000 crore in Kochi. 
  • Padmanabhaswamy Temple to present 'Onavillu' to Ram Temple in Ayodhya.
  • Police arrest KSU worker in stabbing case at Maharaja's College. 
  • The college was closed due to violence for a long time.  
  • Kerala has 2.7 cr voters. 
  • Senior Cong leader and KPCC member from Kasaragod KK Narayanan to join BJP.
  • PC George, ex-MLA joins BJP. 
  • IUML is likely to push for a third seat in Kerala ie. Wayanad. 
  • Johnny Nellore may move to LDF by joining the Kerala Congress (M).
  • CMP 11th Party Congress to be held in Kochi.  
  • The Kerala govt advocates a new dam in Mullaperiyar for downstream safety.
  • The governor skips the policy address and speaks for only two minutes. 
  • Ranjeet murder case: Court awards capital punishment to 15 convicts. 
  • Kerala HC suspends 2 officials over Republic Day skit criticising PM Modi, Centre. 
  • Aluva youth harvests Cambodian wild grapes, and exotic fruits. 

India 
  • PM Modi visited Tamil Nadu and inaugurated Trichy airport despite not being completed. 
  • Ram Lalla's consecration in Ayodhya takes place at 12.20 pm on 22nd January.
  • Truckers protested the new criminal laws that made laws against hit-and-run cases harsher. 
  • Bangalore Metro witnessed record ridership on New Year's Day. 
  • Massive oil shortage reported due to truck driver's strike. 
  • Congress to focus on 255 seats in a bid to accommodate INDIA partners. 
  • Signboards in Banglore forced us to switch to Kannada. 
  • LK Advani says he won't come to Ayodhya. 
  • Interfaith couples attacked in North Karnataka. 
  • Music Maestro Rashid Khan Passes Away At 55 After Prolonged Battle With Cancer. 
  • The panel invites suggestions from the public on simultaneous polls. 
  • Congress party formally declined the Ram Mandir Invitation after two weeks of thinking. NSS is angry at that decision. 
  • Maharastra speaker disqualifies Shiv Sena MLAs.
  • BJP to reserve 1/3rd of its seats to women this election. 
  • Floats of opposition ruled states rejected for R-Day parade. 
  • Indian Coast Guard rescued a Kochi-based fishing boat along with 12 fishermen. 
  • SpiceJet announces special Delhi-Ayodhya flight for Ram temple ceremony. 
  • Ayodhya Dham Railway Station and airport were inaugurated. 
  • INDIA bloc leaders met virtually to discuss the convener's name, and seat-sharing dynamics but ended without much progress. 
  • MEA calls out British Pakistan envoy's visit to PoK. 
  • Kharge is appointed the chief of the Opposition INDIA bloc. 
  • Govt. to start cancer awareness drive on cervical cancer. 
  • SC asks Bilkis Banu convicts to be back in jail again.
  • Milind Deora quits Congress after 55 years of family relations. 
  • PM Narendra Modi Feeds Cows at His Residence in Delhi on Makar Sankranti 2024. 
  • Skill Development Case: SC to Deliver Verdict on Chandrababu Naidu's Plea on Jan 16. 
  • Video of passenger, who punched Delhi-Goa IndiGo pilot, saying 'sorry sir' goes viral.
  • PM Modi slept only with a blanket spread on the cot and ate fruits till January 22.
  • New criminal laws enhance troubling Police powers.  
  • FCRA registration of the Centre for Policy Research was cancelled. 
  • The Ministry of Education issues guidelines for coaching students below 16 years old. 
  • Kukis tribal houses were demolished. 
  • Hasty Justice Not Alternative To Delayed Justice, Speedy Trial Should Not Be At The Cost Of Discouraging The Defence: Madras High Court.
  • Law students go to court against holidays granted due to the Ayodhya issue. 
  • PM inaugurated Ram Mandir after massive pomp, festivities and celebrations across the country.
  • The first accident on Mumbai's Atal Setu; a car rams into the divider, and overturns. 
  • Ayodhya Ram temple a political game-changer for Modi, BJP? Pew survey on religion has answers says ThePrint. 
  • Ram Mandir Pran Pratishtha: MS Dhoni, Rohit Sharma Face Backlash From Netizens After Skipping Ayodhya Ceremony. 
  • Rahul Gandhi's Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra Begins in Manipur. 
  • French journalist issued notice over OCI due to coverage of issues in India.  
  • Maharastra govt holds a Bulldozer campaign against Muslims in Mira Road. 
  • AMU, not a minority institution argues GOI in court. 
  • Rahul Gandhi to be arrested after Lok Sabha elections: Assam CM. 
  • Mamata Banerjee To Fight Alone In Bengal. 
  • Nitish Kumar joins NDA and takes oath as CM again. 
  • SP unveils candidates for Lok Sabha elections.  
  • Mary Kom refutes reports of retirement. 
  • Case Against Khalistan Terrorist For Threatening Hindu Temple Management In Punjab.
  • CM's Gunman to be in court for attacking Youth Congress. 
  • ThinkEdu Conclave: 50 bright minds to enliven a two-day meet in Chennai. 
  • French President Emmanuel Macron was in Jaipur and held a Roadshow With PM Modi.
  • India celebrated its 75th Republic Day with Emmanuel Macron as the Chief Guest. 
  • President Murmu gives the policy address to the joint session of Parliament. 
  • Padma Awards 2024 announced. 
  • PM Modi inaugurated the Supreme Court's Diamond Jubilee Celebration.
  • Rajasthan Congress Leader Manvendra Singh's Wife Dies In Road Accident.
  • Jharkhand CM Hemant Soren was arrested by the Enforcement Directorate.
  • Champai Soren To Be New Jharkhand CM. 
  • Court opens Gyanvapi Mosque for Hindus to pray. 

World/International


  • World welcomes New Year. 
  • 7.4-Magnitude Earthquake Striked Western Japan, Triggering Tsunami Warnings. 
  • Over 33500 households were left without power. 
  • A massive blast killing more than 100 people occurred in the Gen. Qassem Soleimani's grave in Iran. 
  • European countries face the threat of floods. 
  • Israel Supreme Court strikes down judicial reforms as a blow to Netanyahu. 
  • ISIS claimed responsibility for the bomb blast in Iran. 
  • Lee Jae-Myung: South Korean opposition leader stabbed in Busan.
  • Trump lied about Voter fraud and claimed the company was part of the contract with Trump's Campaign. 
  • Vivek Ramaswamy pulls out of the Iowa Debate and later out of the Presidential Race to endorse Trump. 
  • Turkey blocks UK's Minehunter ships in Black Sea. 
  • Russia purchases missiles from North Korea. 
  • Belarusian President gives himself lifelong immunity.
  • Bangladesh polls indicate record low turnout and Opposition Boycott. 
  • Awami League wins Landslides in Bangladesh. 
  • Maldives expels three government officials who insulted India's PM Modi. 
  • Biden holds Jan 6 anniversary speech. 
  • President Putin's challenger appears in Russia. 
  • Iowa's Republican party debate was held between Desantis and Haley. 
  • Hunter Biden has defied a GOP congressional subpoena.
  • Lashkar-e-Taiba founder, who was deputy to Hafiz Saeed was confirmed dead by UNSC. 
  • Minority Affairs Minister Smriti Irani brings home an increased Haj quota for Indian Muslims after visiting Saudi Arabia.
  • Anti-China candidate William Lai wins the Taiwan election from the DPP Party. 
  • US Congress decided to avoid another shutdown. 
  • Iowa's school shooting takes centre stage. 
  • Massive arctic blast shakes several states in the USA. 
  • Iowa Caucus was also affected by the cold weather that led Trump to record victory. 
  • Ron Desantis drops out of the Presidential race by endorsing Trump.
  • Vivek Ramaswamy quits the 2024 presidential race and endorses Donald Trump.
  • Trump wins New Hampshire by single-digit points against Nikki Haley. 
  • Pakistan 'Strongly Condemns' violation of its Airspace By Iran After Missile Strikes killing two  Children. 
  • King Charles was treated for a benign prostate condition. 
  • Pakistan strikes back against Iran in retaliatory strikes. Pakistan hits militant targets a day after a deadly strike in Balochistan. 
  • Biden Administration designates Houthis as a terrorist organisation. 
  • Rare footage shows teens sentenced to hard labour over K-drama in North Korea. 
  • Iran Summons Top Pakistan Diplomat Amid Missile Strikes. 
  • US Department of Justice calls the Uvalde police response a failure in a highly critical report.
  • India sides with Iran but called for a bilateral resolution to the issue. 
  • London hotel sting caught Swiss museum heist thieves. 
  • PM Modi Visits Ram Setu's Origin Point In Tamil Nadu Ahead Of Ram Temple Inauguration. 
  • Ram Mandir's consecration was held with massive publicity and pomp across the country. 
  • North Korea FM Says 'Ready To Greet' Putin in his country.
  • President Biden won the New Hampshire primary despite not being on the ballot; won't get any delegates. 
  • Donald Trump wins the New Hampshire primary by 9 points against Nikki Haley. 
  • In a 5-4 vote, the justices sided with the Biden administration in the dispute between Texas and Border Patrol. 
  • Biden Administration to talk more about Abortion and make it one of its core promises. 
  • Sri Lankan Catholic church moves to declare Easter attack victims as ‘saints’. 
  • Ayodhya Ram Mandir Entry opens, Darshan For Devotees To Begin At 2:00 PM
  • The 96th Academy Awards will take place on March 10, and nominations released. 
  • Pak PM Imran Khan sentenced to 10 years jail in Cipher case. 
  • Russian military plane carrying 74 people crashes in Belgorod region - state media.
  • Donors keep Nikki Haley's hopes alive. 
  • Saudi Arabia opens first alcohol store to non-Muslim diplomats. 
  • US Carries Out World's First Execution Using Nitrogen Gas.
  • Trump walks out during closings on E Caroll Defamation case. 
  • 3 US soldiers were killed in an attack on a US base in Jordan.  
  • Iran denies involvement in drone strike that killed three US troops. 
  • Maldives Opposition Prepares to File Impeachment Motion Against President Muizzu.
  • Russian military blogger Igor Girkin sentenced to four years in prison on extremism charges
Israel-Palestine
  • Israel pulls out a few troops from Gaza. 
  • IDF and Mossad targets Hamas Official in Beirut. 
  • Japan Airlines jet bursts into flames after collision with earthquake relief plane at Tokyo Haneda airport. 
  • Al Jazeera Bureau Chief's son was killed in a drone strike. 
  • Israeli strike on Lebanon kills senior commander in elite Hezbollah unit: Report. 
  • US, UK Launch Airstrikes At Iran-Backed Houthis In Yemen for blocking Red Sea. 
  • War crosses 100 days with more than 27,000 dead. 
  • Israeli military dressed as nurses trespassed and killed inside a hospital in the West Bank. 
  • Two US sailors missing in the Gulf of Aden are declared dead. 
  • Def. Secretary Llyod Austin takes emergency uniformed hospitalisation. 
  • UN calls for $4.2B to support Ukraine. 
  • Finland blames Russia for the migrant crisis on its border. 
  • Chechen leader builds houses for Palestinian refugees. 
  • The U.S. has hit Houthi sites used in Red Sea attacks. 
  • Netanyahu says he has told the US that he opposes the Palestinian state in any postwar scenario. 
  • The Israeli military says 21 soldiers were killed in Gaza in the deadly attack. 
  • Hamas rejects a two-month ceasefire by Israel. 
  • UN's top court ICJ demands Israel contain deaths. 
    Technology

    • UPI's new rules came into effect with 5 major changes that came into effect from January 1. 
    • Kochi Water Metro sailed into New Year with a record ridership of 16,000. 
    • Kerala plans to transform Kochi into an AI Hub; and announces a global AI summit in the city.
    • GATE 2024 Admit Card Released for exams to be held in February. 
    • UGC NET exam results announced. 
    • Japan sends its lander to the moon. 
    • Russia and sign pact for Nuclear plant construction in Kudankulam. 
    • Scientists devise a new drug and polymers to kill drug-resistant bacteria.
    • Japanese Moon lander resumes operation after a technical issue. 
    • INS Chennai tackled the situation After Pirates hijacked a Ship With an Indian Crew Off Somalia's Coast. 
    • Two Kochi Water Metro boats were sent to Ayodhya. 
    • KSRTC operates 800 additional bus services to Sabarimala for Makaravillaku. 
    • Tamil Nadu gets a lot of investors to state at the Global Investors Meet. 
    • Social Media Trends Boycott Maldives after insult to PM Modi. 
    • Kannur emerges winner at Kerala School Kalolsavam, Kozhikode loses out by 3 points.
    • Left cyber activist found dead at a rented house in Thiruvananthapuram.
    • Peregrine mission abandons moon landing attempt after suffering ‘critical’ fuel loss.
    • The average monthly ridership is 25 lakh in 2023 for Kochi Metro.
    • 2023 was the warmest year. 
    • Indians can travel to 60+ countries. 
    • Netflix removes film Annapoorani after backlash. 
    • PM Modi inaugurated India's longest bridge Atal Setu. 
    • Bangalore's Green Line is to be opened by July.  
    • 2400 MW thermal power project given to BHEL; Kerala to get electricity at a lower rate.
    • Kerala SC throws out Opposition leader's plea on KFON. 
    • Indigo was fined Rs 1.2 cr for allowing passengers to have food outside the terminal. 
    • Thiruvananthapuram to host the first edition of the Global Science Festival of Kerala. 
    • AI has started replacing traditional methods of agriculture. 
    • Kochi-Lakshadweep seaplane is likely to take wings this year-end. 
    • Akasa Air orders 150 Boeing 737 MAX planes. 
    • Tharoor, Scindia in the war of words over flight delays, and airport chaos. 
    • One in three vehicles in Kerala does not have insurance, says MVD. 
    • Biden announced $82M for California rail. 
    • Iran launches satellite that is part of a Western-criticized program as regional tensions spike. 
    • The plane crashed in northern Afghanistan's mountains not Indian aircraft: Aviation ministry. 
    • ARM-based chips can revolutionise Windows laptops this year. 
    • UK's Royal Naval Ship HMS Spey visits Kochi. 
    • Kerala global destination for treating kids with Down Syndrome: US NGO.
    • Thiruvananthapuram Corporation begins distribution of 100 free e-autos in 100 wards. 
    • Fresh electronics sector policy in Karnataka is likely by Sept 2025. 
    • Zomato gets RBI approval to operate as an online payment aggregator. 
    • CUET(PG) 2024: The last date for submission of the application extended. 
    • US signals cooperation with China on AI safety. 
    • Printing of driving licenses, and RC books stopped in the state due to the financial crisis. 
    • UGC’s draft guidelines sparked outrage over ‘dereservation’ in faculty recruitment. 
    Business and Finance

    • Vodafone Idea denies talks with Elon Musk's Starlink, stock plunges 4%. 
    • Adani Group receives relief from the SC verdict. 
    • Telangana's power sector is under massive loss says the government. 
    • National Budget to be held on 1st February. 
    • US employers added a robust 216,000 jobs last month, the latest sign that the American job market remains resilient even in the face of sharply higher interest rates. 
    • Pheonix Mall of Asia inaugurated in Bangalore, witnessed massive traffic block in the region. 
    • India quietly supports the Philippines in the South China Sea Dispute. 
    • Kerala, 3 other states have a higher share of female tax filers: SBI Research report. 
    • Biden's Campaign raised $1M online in 24 hours after the Jan 6 anniversary speech. 
    • Amazon lays off several hundred staff in Prime Video and Amazon Studios. 
    • India's retail inflation hit a 4-month high of 5.69% in December.
    • IUML leader arrested by Karnataka Police for fraud. 
    • Infosys CFO lashes out at Karnatak a government for spoiling the business environment. 
    • Cess on auto fuels, and liquor adds Rs 740.7 cr to Kerala govt’s kitty. 
    • Asian Markets are sceptical about China's rule. 
    • WEF meet held in Davos Switzerland. 
    • An Aadhaar card is mandatory for fishermen going to sea; non-compliance will lead to a Rs 1000 fine.
    • Medical cess on liquor: KMSCL is yet to get Rs 400 crore. 
    • Sony calls off merger of its India unit with Zee Entertainment: Report.
    • The S&P 500 reached a record high.
    • PM Cares fund requested tax exemption. 
    • Decision over 'Masala Bond' taken by KIIFB board comprising Kerala CM, says Thomas Issac to ED.
    • US markets close to record high. 
    • Moti Mahal vs Daryaganj: Who invented butter chicken? Delhi HC to decide the verdict. 

    Sports 
    • India wins cricket series with Afghanistan.
    • South Africa Lowest Test Total: Proteas surrender to Mohd Siraj's lethal spell for lowest total vs India.
    • India loses its Test to England in the home series.
    • Messi to come to Kerala and play football. 
    • Six wickets for 0 runs in 11 balls became an embarrassment for India. 
    • ICC T20 World Cup 2024 schedule announced; India vs Pakistan in New York, final to be held in Barbados. 
    • France first nation to pledge support to India's bid to host the Olympics in 2036.
    • Rohan Bopanna scripts history alongside Matthew Ebden and wins first-ever Australian Open men's doubles title. 


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