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The Problems with Westphalian Nation-State System

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We all associate ourselves with various identities such as Indians, Chinese, Pakistani, Americans, Canadians, French, British and much more. Why do you think we all associate with all these more? Are there any other identities which people associate with?  The identities which I mentioned before are relatively new compared to other identities such as religion, language, caste, and various other identities. It is not to say that people never had such feelings towards nations or the state. But the idea of loyalty and love for the motherland was very important which offset various other identities. The question we are arriving at is what is the motherland, who made and how it formed.  What we refer to today as a Nation or Country refers to what we know in political science as a Nation-State. Today almost all the countries we know are categorised Nation-States and some even as State-Nations. International Relations and Political Science suggest that states are the most important a...
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Is Article 14 of Indian Constitution supreme?

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Article 14 is considered to be one of the most important pillars of the Indian Constitution. It is popularly known to us as Equality before law. So, let us look into a question whether Article 14 itself is supreme or does it prevent the Government from not making other laws which may violate the so-called Equality. Article 15 and 16 follows with further classification and clarity.  Quoting the article 14-  The State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth. Article 14 came into a hype during the CAA protests when critics quoted it multiple times. While the defenders of CAA multiple times repeated that there is no violation of Article 14. The main essence of this article is not the article itself but the idea of what do you mean by the term "Equal". Mathematically or scientific...
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